Southern Italian Renaissance vs. Northern European Renaissance free essay sample

Developing Europe into a powerhouse, the Renaissance marked complete cultural transition of Europe out of the Middle Ages and identified a societal change of values and ideas reflected in the art and literature of the time period; the â€Å"rebirth† in Southern Europe, however, differed from Northern Europe. As both the North and South had access to newly printed materials courtesy the printing press, they did share commonality of thought- both supplied predominant Christian artistic themes, had an artistic ‘center’, and provided systems of guilds and patrons. The Southern, or Italian, Renaissance began during the 14th century and â€Å"inevitably, trade and commerce brought Italian ideas northward, where they influenced the artistic traditions† beginning the 16th century Northern Renaissance (Benton and DiYanni 53). The South focused on a return to the concept of humanism and revival of idealist, classic Greek and Roman values, but the North focused on the common man and daily realities of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Southern Italian Renaissance vs. Northern European Renaissance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Centered around Florence then later Rome, aided by the patronage of the Medici family in the Early Renaissance and Popes in the High Renaissance, and inspired by Greek and Roman mythology, the Southern Renaissance movement emphasized humans (their capacities, values and worth). Italian artists made the viewer delve into the inner working of the human mind and their subject matter primarily consisted of gods and goddesses displayed with symmetry, balance, and linear perspective. Known for his goddess depiction, elegant use of flowing lines, pictorial space, and antique â€Å"revival of the nude† prohibited in the Middle Ages, was â€Å"master of line† Sandro Botticelli with his The Birth of Venus tempera (Benton and DiYinni 16). In his painting commissioned by the Medici’s, Botticelli equates Venus with Christ’s mother Mary and her birth with that of the human soul- signifying the importance of religion but not making it the only priority. Italian trade in republics gave rise to a wealthy merchant class fond of funding art that not only mixed classicism and Christianity, but elaborated and detailed wealthy and powerful people, especially Popes who were king-like figures in society. This Italian social change and rise in humanism led a shift in power to Rome and Italian artists to consider scientific principles behind individual composition such as proportion, anatomy, and perspective. For instance, ‘Renaissance Man’ Leonardo Greg 2 Da’ Vinci’s oil painting’s The Last Supper consisted of accurate anatomical proportions, even balance, and linear perspective. Da Vinci’s work also reflected interest in beauty in nature, mirroring interest in the natural, common man in artwork of Northern Renaissance. Da’ Vinci’s Mona Lisa consisted of chiaroscuro and sfmato techniques to showcase the sitter’s subtle, individual personality and high forehead to indicate noble standing. Raphael’s fresco School of Athens, commissioned by Pope Julius II, exemplifies â€Å"the Renaissance humanist’s quest for classical learning and truth† with a Roman bath setting (Benton and DiYinni 21). New emphasis on anatomy also led to glorious marble statuary and reflection of beauty in the imagination such as in David by Michelangelo. Thoughtfully proportioned for the viewer to look up at the masterpiece from a lower level, David is nude in a classic contrapposto pose universally representing every individual’s confrontation with conflict. Italian artists giving the subjects a sense of mass and volume by using knowledge of the human figure allowed for more realistic art with shadows and motion. Italian writers and philosophers were also driven to study Classical antiquity and explore mans capacity for rationality. Pico Della Mirandola’s â€Å"Oration on Dignity of Man† exhibits the Italian Renaissance fascination with mankind by relaying creation of human beings as divine, that humans are special if God made them because he wouldn’t create them to fail. He stresses that mankind is not sinful, rather all humans are special and possess the free will and the capability to be united with God. Baldassare Castiglione further demonstrates the Italian humanist tradition and â€Å"celebrates and idealizes life in court† characterizing the courtier â€Å"ideal† Renaissance man in the Book of Courtier as learned in classic culture, courageous, witty, and chivalrous (Benton and DiYanni 29). The Southern Renaissance influenced a cultural movement in Europe outside of Italy in the early 1500’s. Centered around Ghent then later Bruges and Eastern Europe, aided by the patronage of the Burgundian Dukes in the Early Renaissance and Habsburgs in the High Renaissance, and inspired by realistic portrayal of the average man’s life, the Northern Renaissance movement emphasized naturalism and living a pious, simple life. More genuine and more attached to Christian teachings of the church than art of Southern Renaissance movement, Northern European art turned its attention to portraits and domestic scenes fixated on the minute surface details and reflected belief in religious truth from nature. Court painter to the Duke of Burgundy, â€Å"inventor of oil painting Van Eyck detailed the sacrifice of the mystic lamb, symbolized Jesus’s crucifixion, emphasized bright colors and individualized people of various time periods and body types in the polyptych Ghent Altarpiece. Further use of Greg 3 extreme detail, domestic interior, and religious symbolism is in Van Eyck’s Arnolfini Wedding- a form of documentary nature and capturing the moment similar to that a photograph would. Using glazes to create light and depth of color in his painting, Van Eyck included â€Å"God’s presence on Earth† in â€Å"ordinary everyday objects† such as a mirror frame, chandelier, and bedpost (Benton and DiYanni 57). Different geophysical conditions than Italy contributed to an unhelpful environment for frescoes to dry, hence favor toward oil on wood panels. An allegorical idea of painting more than a perfect rendition as an Italian artist would, Hieronymus Bosch showcased alla prima technique in Hay Wain where humans are all out for themselves in fighting for hay (a symbol for material possessions); Bosch filled his triptych oil painting with commoners in mundane clothing revealing his concern with â€Å"the moralistic import of his subjects† (Benton and DiYanni 57). Additionally, Northern European works of art exposed a shift to emphasis on real lifestyles of people and landscape, as demonstrated in the works of Peter Brugel the Elder. Rather than pinning interest on the people in the foreground, the natural landscape background in the genre painting Harvesters is the subject rather than the peasant laborers. Capturing a moment in the daily life of hospitable peasants, instead of classic mythology or aristocracy, Brugel informally evokes the abundance of local landscape in a Peasant Wedding and juxtaposes feasting peasants, the fertile landscape, and the plenteous food of the Low Countries. Northern literature dealt strongly with naturalism and knowledge of the self and present rather than the past. Michael de Montaigne’s essay Of Cannibals criticizes his own western, European society as less civilized than cannibalistic South Americans, for they are closer to nature, living in the ideal state of humanity and portrait of Christian notion of the pure, simplistic society. Perfecting the natural, human â€Å"complex states of mind and feeling in exuberant language rich with metaphor†, was the greatest writer not only of the Northern Renaissance, but arguably of all time- William Shakespeare. One of his thirty-seven plays was Hamlet where the revenge filled and answer seeking main character Hamlet’s pensive soliloquies almost hold a mirror up to nature; Shakespeare shows the reader what being human is and how it is natural for conflicting thoughts to arise from man’s conscience. Maturing later than Italian art and literature, the Northern Renaissance highlighted naturalism. European â€Å"rebirth† of art and literature reflected a societal change of values and ideas different in the South and North. Although both had artistic â€Å"hubs†, patronage systems, and predominately Christian themes, Italian Renaissance revived humanism and classic Greek and Roman ideals while the Northern European Renaissance emphasized the natural reality and everyday life of the average man.

Free Essays on Abduction

No one will argue that as a parent, the greatest fear is finding out that your child is missing. The same applies to the child who has been abducted. The subject of missing children is not one that parents or children like to think about, but it is a reality of everyday life. Even with the best parental care some children still go missing. Child abductions are not uncommon in the United States. According to the FBI’s National Crime Information Center, there were 876,213 missing person reports in the year 2000. Out of those entries, nearly 85 to 90% were juveniles. Everyday 2100 children are reported missing in the United States. The number of missing persons reported to the police has increased by 1% from 1999 to 2000. That may not seem like a lot, but since 1982, the total increase is 468%. Every 40 seconds a child becomes missing or has been abducted in the United States. Children and juveniles who are abducted suffer during and after their capture. These damages include the alteration to their appearance such as cut and dyed hair. The abducted child’s name is often changed, with young children sometimes never knowing their true identity. The child is stripped of his true identity. He loses out on the love of his left-behind family and his roots. The abducted child is often medically and physically neglected as abductors have the worry that the child may be discovered to be missing. Abducted children receive unstable schooling as moves for them are common and getting proper paperwork to schools to enroll the child can be difficult under a new name. Abducted children have unstable living conditions as they are on the run from the law, and often end up homeless or moving frequently. Abducted children are often told lies about the abduction and the left-behind parent. They can form a false hatred for the left-behind parents and family. So metimes they are even told the left-behind parents or family is dead, in ja... Free Essays on Abduction Free Essays on Abduction No one will argue that as a parent, the greatest fear is finding out that your child is missing. The same applies to the child who has been abducted. The subject of missing children is not one that parents or children like to think about, but it is a reality of everyday life. Even with the best parental care some children still go missing. Child abductions are not uncommon in the United States. According to the FBI’s National Crime Information Center, there were 876,213 missing person reports in the year 2000. Out of those entries, nearly 85 to 90% were juveniles. Everyday 2100 children are reported missing in the United States. The number of missing persons reported to the police has increased by 1% from 1999 to 2000. That may not seem like a lot, but since 1982, the total increase is 468%. Every 40 seconds a child becomes missing or has been abducted in the United States. Children and juveniles who are abducted suffer during and after their capture. These damages include the alteration to their appearance such as cut and dyed hair. The abducted child’s name is often changed, with young children sometimes never knowing their true identity. The child is stripped of his true identity. He loses out on the love of his left-behind family and his roots. The abducted child is often medically and physically neglected as abductors have the worry that the child may be discovered to be missing. Abducted children receive unstable schooling as moves for them are common and getting proper paperwork to schools to enroll the child can be difficult under a new name. Abducted children have unstable living conditions as they are on the run from the law, and often end up homeless or moving frequently. Abducted children are often told lies about the abduction and the left-behind parent. They can form a false hatred for the left-behind parents and family. S ometimes they are even told the left-behind parents or family is dead, in ja...

Traveling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Traveling - Essay Example In this way, these benefits will be defined as the following: the means by which travel helps the individual to experience the world, the means by which travel allows for an interaction of new ideas/languages/people, and the means by which travel helps the individual traveler to bring back many of the ideas and understandings that they gain to their home. Firstly, although it is obvious that travel allows the individual to experience the world, this experience is ultimately extraordinarily useful due to the fact that it is almost always different than what the person might see within their own geographic region. The differential and experience that exists within travel allows the individual to not only have a relaxing and leisure time, it also allows them to spend some time considering why and how their particular experience is different from the one that they would have had if they stayed at home. Oftentimes, the differences in places and locations allows the traveler to interact with new ideas, new people, new cultures, and sometimes new languages. By interacting with all of these aspects, the traveler becomes more educated, more aware, and more cosmopolitan (Ahn 44). This level of worldliness helps the traveler to return to his or her original city or town and realize that key differences, sometimes good sometimes bad, exists. Finally, through an understanding of these differences that has been described in the preceding section the traveler can oftentimes bring back home many of the ideas that they were exposed to during their travels (BÃ ¶rjesson 674). Due to the fact that no particular culture or nation is completely right or has found the best way to live life, many of these cultural and sociological interpretations of personal interaction, culture, religion, politics, and philosophy can be useful in helping to define the world in which the traveler interacts with at his/her home (Metz 322). In

Gendered-Language Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Gendered-Language Journal - Essay Example Sociolinguistics is the study of society and language. Sociolinguistics attempts to analyze the social factors which leading to the diversity of human languages, whereas many linguists concentrate on exploring unity under the diversity of human languages. In a nut shell, sociolinguists focus on the differences in languages and variation within a particular society language. As stated earlier, this paper will focus on the aspects of sociolinguistic variations in terms of gender based conversations. For example, television interviews, conversations in professional meetings, and daily readings. Language is particularly a form of social behavior and societies tend to split into groups displaying behavior differences. People react and behave variedly when giving information or involved in a particular conversation especially where a common gender is involved. This is generally due to the fact that language defines group identity because of its deep social function. People of same gender in a particular social group speak like one another. This strengthens the bonds and at the same time divides people from those in other groups speaking differently. This is a result of dialect. Dialect signals there individuals come from. This may be regional dialect and has significant applications to the social background of individuals. In a conversation within a common group of people or gender, they appear distinguished from other groups in their linguistic structure and features such as grammar, accent, pronunciation, and vocabulary. Most often than not, people of different dialects hav e varied accents, however, speakers of a common dialect may show different accents as well. This has resulted into Standard English; however, people speak differently and uniquely due to their education, life experience, aspiration, and age. This is what is observed in gendered language (Aitchison, 1978). In any particular gender conversation, for

Online Therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Online Therapy - Essay Example Despite of the benefits embedded in online therapy, the service delivery is highly controversial. First, very little research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of online therapies. Second, people who are in extreme crisis and need help may not be able to write their concerns to the psychologists and wait for the reply. Sites offering online therapy are very alike - have almost the same pages, site content and prices. Each site claims having only professional psychologists and guarantee confidentially. The purpose of http://www.4etherapy.com/about_online_therapy.htm is to deliver the professional online counselling with licensed clinicians. The site content is limited to "home", "about online therapy", "for professionals", "about us", and "contact us" pages". Clients of this site are offered email, private chat and phone sessions. Notably, it is stated that the license of each clinician is verified with the state's regulatory board and therapists are responsible for providing the proof of liability insurance. Individuals who have busy schedules, difficulty with travelling, or other privacy issues are invited to use this website. Another site http://www.asktheinternettherapist.com/e-therapy.asp offers the wider range of services: in office counselling, audiovisual counselling, telephone therapy, email therapy, real-time chat, hypnosis tapes, and educational videos. In addition the site is divided into two parts: one for clients and another for medical staff. There is a lot of information about online therapies, self-improvement books, free discussion groups, questionnaires, articles and FAQ. The staff consists of Physician, Nurse, Nutritionist, Chiropractor and even Veterinarian. This site http://www.gracetreecounseling.com/OnlineCounselingTreat.htm provides information about the benefits of internet therapy as well as some limitations. In addition, it is stated that online counselling is not appropriate for issues regarding child abuse and suicidal behaviour. Individuals with such problems are provided with the phone numbers of the services providing assistance on these issues. Confidentiality and privacy c oncerns are also addressed, even though very little is noted about the competencies of the staff members. The site content is limited to "about us", "meet the counsellor", "treatment options", "services and fees", "privacy agreement" and "helpful link". Nevertheless, the huge number of sties offering online therapy to clients is threatening. It is hard to control the quality of the assistance and almost impossible to verify whether the individual typing answers is truly professional. Strom King, the president of the International Society for Mental Health Online, has noted that internet cannot be controlled by government and people have to take more responsibility for what they consume online (Kliger 2000). Moreover, Martha Ainsworth (the holder of the site uniting therapists) said she knew of no lawsuits filed against online advisers even though many of them lack competence to be therapists (Kliger 2000). The professional community has no single meaning about the effectiveness of online therapy. As it was already stated, most of associations have already integrated online therapy as part of their service. Moreover, many universities introduce the programs training psychologists in tele-health. For example, the Pacific

Ácido Clorhídrico Y Ácido Acético en Vinagre

à cido Clorhà ­drico Y à cido Acà ©tico en Vinagre Titulacià ³n de à ¡cido clorhà ­drico y à ¡cido acà ©tico en vinagre comercial con una base fuerte Propà ³sito Determinar el punto de equivalencia entre las reacciones NaOH (ac) + HCl (ac) à   NaCl (ac) + H2O (l) y NaOH (ac) + HCH3COO (ac) à   NaCH3COO (ac) + H2O (l), observando los cambios fà ­sicos en la titulacià ³n de las soluciones, utilizando un indicador (Fenolftaleà ­na o Anaranjado de metilo) y un pH metro. Antecedentes Debido a que en la prà ¡ctica 6 â€Å"Titulacià ³n de à ¡cido clorhà ­drico y à ¡cido acà ©tico en vinagre comercial con una base fuerte† se realizarà ¡ una titulacià ³n de dos sustancias que reaccionan en una neutralizacià ³n, se hace necesario conocer ambos conceptos. Existen sustancias que al diluirlas en agua (solvente) se disocian en sus iones. A à ©stas se les conoce como electrolitos, pues conducen electricidad. Aquellas que no se disocian en sus iones conformantes se les conoce como no electrolitos. En la prà ¡ctica se trabajarà ¡ con electrolitos, pues las sustancias utilizadas son bases y à ¡cidos que se disocian en sus iones OH- y H+ respectivamente, aumentando su concentracià ³n en el agua. El à ¡cido clorhà ­drico y el à ¡cido acà ©tico, cuando sean diluidos en agua aumentarà ¡n la concentracià ³n de protones H+, con lo que el pH de la disolucià ³n serà ¡ à ¡cido. Por el contrario el Hidrà ³xido de sodio es una base que acepta protones H+ disminuyendo la concentracià ³n en el solvente. Con ello el pH serà ¡ bà ¡sico. A las sustancias se les llama à ¡cidas cuando la concentracià ³n de protones de hidrà ³geno es mayor a 1 * 10 -7 ion por gramo por litro, neutra cuando es igual a 1*10-7 ion por gramo por litro, y bà ¡sica cuando es menor a 1 * 10 -7 ion por gramo por litro. Debido a que el valor de concentracià ³n de iones de hidrà ³geno los nà ºmeros son valores muy pequeà ±os, Sà ¶rensen los expresà ³ por logaritmos con signos positivos originando lo que conocemos como pH, que es una escala que expresa los exponentes de concentracià ³n de iones H+. Por lo tanto cuando hacemos que una disolucià ³n se vuelva à ¡cida su pH disminuye, y si al contrario se vuelve mà ¡s bà ¡sica su pH aumenta, tal como lo seà ±ala la siguiente escala: à cidas Neutras Bà ¡sicas 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Como se puede observar el HCl y el HCH3COO son à ¡cidos monoprà ³ticos, pues producen un protà ³n H+ por molà ©cula de à ¡cido. Caracterà ­sticas de las bases: Una propiedad especial es que son amargos y conducen corriente elà ©ctrica, ademà ¡s se ionizan liberando iones OH-. Caracterà ­sticas de los à ¡cidos: Entre los à ¡cidos tenemos dos grupos: Los hidrà ¡cidos formados por hidrà ³geno y no metales. Por ejemplo ClH (à cido clorhà ­drico). Por otro lado està ¡n los oxà ¡cidos, que son compuestos ternarios que se originan al combinar anhà ­dridos con agua. H2SO4 (à cido sulfà ºrico). La mayorà ­a son solubles en el agua. Tienen sabor picante (acre), y ademà ¡s actà ºan con los metales, liberando hidrà ³geno y formando sales. Los à ¡cidos y las bases se pueden clasificar en dà ©biles o fuertes. Ello depende de la facilidad con la que los à ¡cidos ceden protones y las bases aceptan protones. Un à ¡cido fuerte transfiere por completo sus protones, un à ¡cido dà ©bil se disocia parcialmente en agua. Una base fuerte es aquella que acepta por completo los protones que contiene el agua formando iones OH-. Por lo tanto la base dà ©bil los acepta parcialmente. Entre los seis à ¡cidos mà ¡s fuertes se encuentran uno utilizado en la prà ¡ctica, el à ¡cido clorhà ­drico, mientras que el à ¡cido acà ©tico es dà ©bil. Las bases fuertes son aquellas se componen de metales alcalinos o alcalinotà ©rreos. Por dicha razà ³n el NaOH es una base fuerte. Cuando disoluciones de una base y un à ¡cido se hacen reaccionar se origina una reaccià ³n de neutralizacià ³n, en la cual se produce una sal y agua. Se conoce como neutralizacià ³n pues al reaccionar disminuye los efectos de à ¡cido y de base. En la prà ¡ctica las reacciones NaOH (ac) + HCl (ac) à   NaCl (ac) + H2O (l) y NaOH (ac) + HCH3COO (ac) à   NaCH3COO (ac) + H2O (l), son de neutralizacià ³n, pues como se puede apreciar en ambas se formarà ¡n una sal y agua. Para determinar la concentracià ³n de H+ en las disoluciones de à ¡cidos respectivos se llevarà ¡ a cabo una titulacià ³n usando como titulante el Hidrà ³xido de sodio. Éste es un proceso a travà ©s del cual se determina la concentracià ³n de un soluto en combinacià ³n con una sustancia de concentracià ³n conocida. En à ©ste caso se desconoce la concentracià ³n de protones hidrà ³geno pero se conoce la concentracià ³n de Hidrà ³xido de sodio. El instrumento de medicià ³n serà ¡ el pHà ­metro, el cual es un dispositivo electrà ³nico que cuenta con dos electrodos que miden pequeà ±os voltajes especà ­ficos para à ¡cidos y bases. Conforme se agregue hidrà ³xido de sodio a la solucià ³n de à ¡cido clorhà ­drico y a la de à ¡cido acà ©tico se irà ¡ observando el momento en el que reaccionarà ¡n cantidades equivalentes de los reactivos. A ello se le conoce como punto de equivalencia y para conocer dicho punto se utilizarà ¡n dos indicadores: la fenolftaleà ­na y el anaranjado de metilo. Un indicador es una sustancia con elevado peso molecular, que cambian de color cuando entra en contacto con à ¡cido o base. El cambio de color seà ±alarà ¡ el punto final de la titulacià ³n el cual equivale al punto de equivalencia que se desea determinar. Para poder elegir el mejor indicador para cada parte de la prà ¡ctica, se debe basar en el punto de equivalencia y el rango de viraje de color de ambos. La fenolftaleà ­na es de color transparente en un medio à ¡cido y en medio bà ¡sico se torna rosado. En una titulacià ³n à ¡cido-base como la que se realizarà ¡ el punto final de la titulacià ³n ocurrirà ¡ cuando al agregar hidrà ³xido de sodio aparezca una coloracià ³n rosada pà ¡lida. Su viraje està ¡ en un rango de pH de 8 a 10. El anaranjado de metilo cambia de color en un intervalo de pH de 3.1 a 4.4, por debajo de 3.1 es su forma à ¡cida, con coloracià ³n roja. Por arriba de 4.4 es la conversià ³n completa a forma bà ¡sica y su coloracià ³n es amarilla, punto final de la titulacià ³n. No serà ¡ conveniente utilizar fenolftaleà ­na para la reaccià ³n del à ¡cido fuerte (HCl) y la base fuerte (NaOH), puesto que el pH en su punto de equivalencia es 7 pues todos sus iones estarà ¡n neutralizados y dicha sustancia cambia su coloracià ³n en un rango de 8 a 10 de la escala pH. En la segunda parte cuando reaccione el à ¡cido dà ©bil (HCH3COO) con la base fuerte (NaOH), si es conveniente usar la fenolftaleà ­na. Ello se debe a que cuando un à ¡cido dà ©bil reacciona con una base fuerte el protà ³n H+ se hidroliza. Por dicha razà ³n el pH del punto de equivalencia es mayor a 7. Es importante conocer que la hidrà ³lisis es un tipo de reaccià ³n, en la cual los iones reaccionan con agua para generar protones H+ o iones hidroxilo. Cuestionario Describa los siguientes conceptos: 1. Neutralizacià ³n: Es una reaccià ³n que se origina de la interaccià ³n entre una base y un à ¡cido, en la cual se contrarrestan sus efectos y se produce agua y una sal. La neutralizacià ³n ocurre de esta forma: H+ + OH- à   H2O (l) 2. à cido: Sustancia que dona protones. 3. Base: Sustancia que acepta protones. 4. à cido fuerte: Sustancia que dona protones y que se encuentra en disolucià ³n acuosa completamente como iones. 5. Base fuerte: Sustancia que acepta protones y que se encuentra en disolucià ³n acuosa completamente como iones. 6. à cido Dà ©bil: Sustancia que dona protones y que se encuentra en disolucià ³n acuosa parcialmente como iones. 7. Base dà ©bil: Sustancia que acepta protones y que se encuentra en disolucià ³n acuosa parcialmente como iones. 8. Punto de equivalencia: Punto en el cual reaccionan cantidades estequiomà ©tricamente equivalentes. Reacciones NaOH (ac) + HCl (ac) à   NaCl (ac) + H2O(l) NaOH(ac) + HCH3COO(ac) à   NaCH3COO (ac) + H2O(l)

H.J Heinz Company :: essays research papers

H.J. Heinz Company   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  H.J. Heinz Company, commonly known as Heinz, famous for its â€Å"57 Varieties† slogan, was founded in 1869, by Henry John Heinz, in Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania. In 1869, the 25 year old Henry went into business with L. Clarence Noble as â€Å"Heinz & Noble.† The first product they launched was none other than horseradish. The sauce was unique in that it was sold in clear glass bottles to display its purity, whereas competitors used colored glass to hide the poor quality of their products. There was a reason that founder Henry John Heinz displayed his product in transparent bottles. He took a stand on quality and proudly displayed all of his products to the people and his competitors by using a clear bottle to show that his products where the real deal and the best. From the beginning of Heinz, the driving idea was quality, and quality is what made Heinz the company it is today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After horseradish came pickles, sauerkraut, and vinegar, delivered by horse-drawn wagons to grocers in and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Processing, packing and the headquarters offices shared a two-story farmhouse in Sharpsburg, at the city’s northern edge. But within five years, Heinz and partner L. C. Noble had to relocate to larger quarters because of their massive growth. They were on their way to becoming one of the nation’s leading producers of condiments. Heinz & Noble could count among its assets a hundred acres of garden along the Allegheny River – 30 acres of horseradish – along with 24 horses, a dozen wagons and a vinegar factory in St. Louis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After initial success, the company was forced into bankruptcy in 1875, a year of economic downturn and crop surplus. However, this successful young enterprise was not going to let the banking panic of 1875 stop it from becoming the world’s leading tomato processor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the banking crisis, Heinz started over with brother, John and cousin, Frederick, in 1875. The new partnership with his brother and cousin, â€Å"H. & J. Heinz†, came into being. In the depression brought on by the banking collapse, it was a difficult first year, but one in which a new product was introduced and would become its most well-known product – tomato ketchup. Red and green pepper sauce soon followed, then cider vinegar, apple butter, chili sauce, mincemeat, mustard, tomato soup, olives, pickled onions, pickled cauliflower, baked beans and the first sweet pickles ever brought to market.

Internationalization Company

First Coursework: Analyse a real life company of your choice (This company can be from any industry, and be at any stage of internationalization) for a new destination for internationalization. The company choice is yours. Any country, any industry, any size. You are expected to explain through combining three different theories of internationalization: economic, learning and network. The answer should argue the motivation, benefits, process and form of internationalization. If you are proposing an early stage of internationalization then please explain how this decision can be developed for further levels of internationalization. This means you will explain the internationalization of the firm by analyzing through three different theories of internationalization. This should result in selecting a form of internationalization i. e. exporting or FDI, a country to internationalize. This form of internationalization can be further developed through licensing, franchising or form of FDI. In this coursework, you are expected to implement what you have learned in class to a real life company rather than explain the theory. You need to relate to the theory to a level where your arguments are supported by these theories. Please do not explain the theories but explain how they are related to your coursework. Please remember that at the end of the coursework you need to give a recommendation. This recommendation should have the new country that they should internationalise to and the mode of internationalisation. The mode of internationalisation has a wide range starting from exporting to wholly owned internationalisation. Please do not forget the recommendation section. The motivation – is why the company is internationalising (please add this to your introduction) The process- is how they internationalise, this is the use of theories. The theories used and how well they are used will explain the process. The form-the mode of internationalisation; Please define what is the mode of internationalisation.

Laoban - Old Boss in Mandarin Chinese

Laoban - Old Boss in Mandarin Chinese Titles are important in Chinese culture, and they are used more frequently than in most Western countries. One good example of this is that titles can be used to address people, which you might be familiar with from your Mandarin class where you can call the teacher è€ Ã¥ ¸ « (lÇŽoshÄ «). While that can be done in English too, its usually reserved for younger kids and not as common as in Mandarin Chinese. è€ Ã¦  ¿/éâ€"† (lÇŽobÇŽn) - boss; shopkeeper The title for â€Å"shopkeeper† is lÇŽobÇŽn. This is used to refer to the owner or proprietor of a shop. LÇŽobÇŽn can be used when referring to or addressing the shopkeeper. LÇŽobÇŽn has two characters: è€ Ã¦  ¿/éâ€"†: The first one, lÇŽo, means â€Å"old,† and is a term of respect. It is the same character used in lÇŽoshÄ « (teacher). Even though it doesnt mean old in this context, it can be a useful memory aid to think of it like that.The second character éâ€"†, bÇŽn, means â€Å"boss,† so the literal translation of lÇŽobÇŽn â€Å"old boss.† Note that these are different in simplified and traditional Chinese (simplified: æ  ¿, traditional éâ€"†, but the simplified version is used in traditional too). The most common meaning of æ  ¿ is plank. To remember the word, create a vivid picture of a typical shopkeeper in China (whatever comes to mind when you think of the word), but picture the person with a face like an old, gnarled plank. Examples of LÇŽobÇŽn Click on the links to hear the audio. Nà ¨igà ¨ lÇŽobÇŽn yÇ’u mi hÄ›n hÇŽo de dÃ… ngxÄ «.é‚ £Ã¥â‚¬â€¹Ã¨â‚¬ Ã©â€"†æÅ"‰è ³ £Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã©â€š £Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ¨â‚¬ Ã¦  ¿Ã¦Å"‰å â€"Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿That shopkeeper has very good things.LÇŽobÇŽn hÇŽo. YÇ’u mà ©iyÇ’u mi pà ­ngguÇ’?è€ Ã©â€"†å ¥ ½. æÅ"‰æ ²â€™Ã¦Å"‰è ³ £Ã¨Ëœâ€¹Ã¦Å¾Å"?è€ Ã¦  ¿Ã¥ ¥ ½. æÅ"‰æ ² ¡Ã¦Å"‰å â€"è‹ ¹Ã¦Å¾Å"?Hello. Do you sell apples? Edit: This article was significantly updated by Olle Linge on April 25th 2016.

The Importance of an Independant Judiciary essays

The Importance of an Independant Judiciary essays The judiciary is the government branch that is concerned with the administration of justice. The judiciary is absolutely separate from the executive and the legislature, so it can check the concentration of government power. The independence of the judiciary is crucial in a democratic community because when judges are presiding over cases, there must be no interference and intimidation from any external forces. The independence issues touches upon the battle of authority and freedom. If the separation of powers did not exist, it would be impossible to try to prevent the authority from interfering in the administration of justice. With separation and independence, the basic freedoms of all citizens is at best guaranteed. It is up to the judiciary to carry out in accordance with the law. If the system did not have independence of the judiciary than the principles of rules and the law would be in jeopardy and other institutions of government would interfere in the administration of justice. One of the most important freedoms in the American judicial system is the right to a jury trial. This allows a minimum of six Americans, chosen from a list of registered voters, to determine a person's guilt or innocence through deliberations. They have the power to express the how society feels on the issue, as well as interpret and judge the laws themselves. If they feel that a law is unconstitutional, evil, or even unfair they can void it by declaring the defendant not-guilty. The power of the jury is huge and through time has become more just by decreasing the limitations to become a juror including race and sex. Part of the reasoning behind the right to a jury trial is to limit government power. Although judges should be fair and just, total power is too strong, and could be used to aid some people while harming others. As someone once said, "Power corrupts sometimes, but absolute power corrupts absolutely." Many people thought anarchy woul...

How does God heal today Compare and contrast Christian approaches to Essay

How does God heal today Compare and contrast Christian approaches to wholeness and healing - Essay Example Coming in wholeness, with God Himself, was one way of bringing good health to your life. The Lord sent some Prophets to bring healing to the people. Miracles from God were rampant and obeying the Lord would bring healing. Reading the story of Jesus, it is notable that the most outstanding course of action he took, apart from teaching about the kingdom of the lord, greatly involved into the act of healing. He healed many people from the lame, blind to other members of the society who had leprosy. He healed people suffering from physical illness to those suffering from mental and spiritual illnesses, as well. He responded to people’s needs by offering healing and restoring wholeness to people’s lives. The Lord himself, Jesus Christ, performed a lot of healing through miracles. In the 2nd century BC, St Ignatius became the first priest who described the Eucharist as the medicine of immortality. A 4th century Christian apologist and poet, Prudentius, celebrated St Cyprian’s tongue’s healing power. The 15th century legendary, Bokenham, reported St Agatha’s healing power that came from the milk of her breasts (Wilkinson, 1998, p42). In the 19th century Natal, Zulu’s prophets petitioned Jesus to cured diseases that were caused by restless spirits. Mary Baker Eddy came up with the Science of Divine Mind as a weapon against harmful animal magnetism. Healing has played a vital role in the development of Christianity as a religion. The history of healing, in Christianity, can be mapped through transformation in the ancient, medieval and modern times. Initially, healing of sickness and disease had its origin from the Judean belief that the latter came from or li nked to evil and sin. They believed that the cure lied on prayer and repentance to earn Gods favor and divine forgiveness (Wilkinson, 1998, p68). Jesus’ activities that portrayed Jesus as an exorcist and a healer included his disciples carrying his combat against evil and sin and the manner in which

Fuel prices remain high because of the United State's energy policy Research Paper

Fuel prices remain high because of the United State's energy policy - Research Paper Example In 1970s and 1980s renewable energy was called alternative energy because it was the best alternative for nuclear power and fossil fuel. There are different sources of energy. Firstly, I would like to discuss renewable energy that can be extracted from natural resources. Types of renewable energy are wind, solar, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal and tidal energy. Then we also have fossil fuel sources extracted from coal or hydrocarbon, which are the remains of decomposition of animals and plants. There are three types of Fossil fuels: coal petroleum, natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Third one is Nuclear power based on fission and fusion. The US is second largest energy consumer in world.  The US is seventh country in the world in terms of consumption of energy per capita. We know that in 20th century, after coming out of isolation US played a major role in the world socially, politically and economically. Every event or crisis in US has its own historical background; nothing happens within some days or months. Same is the case of fuel price, which is one of the biggest issues in the US now days. US was an agrarian state in 18th century but industrial revolution brought changes in the energy requirements and its production ways. At that time major source was coal to produce energy till 20th century then it took drastic change during WWII era. Petroleum and natural gas attracted the attention of US energy production sectors in 1950s. †Following  World War II, oil heating boilers took over from coal burners along the Eastern Seaboard;  diesel locomotives  took over from coal-fired  steam engines  under dieselization; oil-fired electricity plants were built; petroleum-burning buses replaced electric  streetcars  in a GM driven conspiracy, for which they were found guilty, and citizens bought gasoline powered cars.  Highways helped make cars the major means of