Saturday, August 22, 2020

A Quick Tour of Jupiters Moons

A Quick Tour of Jupiters Moons Meet the Moons of Jupiter The planet Jupiterâ is the biggest world in the close planetary system. It has at any rate 67 known moons and a dainty dusty ring. Its four biggest moons are known as the Galileans, after space expert ​Galileo Galilei, who found them in 1610. The individual moon names are Callisto, Europa, ​Ganymede, and Io, and originate from Greek folklore. In spite of the fact that stargazers considered them widely starting from the earliest stage, wasnt until the primary rocket investigations of the Jupiter framework that we knew how bizarre these little universes are. The primary rocket to picture them were the Voyager tests in 1979. From that point forward, these four worldsâ have been investigated by the Galileo, Cassini and New Horizons missions, which gave incredibly great perspectives on these little moons. The Hubble Space Telescope has likewise examined and imaged Jupiter and the Galileans ordinarily. The Juno crucial Jupiter, which showed up in summer 2016, will give more pictures of these little universes as it circles around the monster planet taking pictures and data.â Investigate the Galileans Io is the nearest moon to Jupiter and, at 2,263 miles over, is the second littlest of the Galilean satellites. It is regularly called the â€Å"Pizza Moon† in light of the fact that its beautiful surface resembles a pizza pie. Planetary researchers discovered it was a volcanic world in 1979â when the Voyager 1 and 2 shuttle flew by and caught the first very close pictures. Io has more than 400 volcanoes that heave sulfur and sulfur dioxide over the surface, toâ give it that bright look. Since these volcanoes are continually repaving Io, planetary researchers state that its surface isâ geologically young.â Europa is the littlest of the Galilean moons. It quantifies just 1,972 miles acrossâ and is made for the most part of rock. Europa’s surface is a thick layer of ice, and underneath it,â there might be a salty expanse of water aboutâ 60 miles down. Every so often Europaâ sends crest of water outâ into wellsprings that tower in excess of 100 miles over the surface. Those crest have been found in information sent back by Hubble Space Telescope. Europa is regularly referenced as a spot that could be livable for certain types of life. It has a vitality source, just as natural material that could help in the arrangement of life, in addition to a lot of water. Regardless of whether it is or not stays an open inquiry. Stargazers have since quite a while ago discussed sending missions to Europa to look for proof of life. Ganymede is the biggest moon in the close planetary system, estimating 3,273 miles over. It’s made for the most part of rock and has a layer of salt water in excess of 120 miles underneath the cratered and dry surface. Ganymede’s scene is partitioned between two sorts of landforms: exceptionally old cratered districts which are dull shaded, and more youthful regions containing sections and edges. Planetary researchers found an exceptionally flimsy air on Ganymede, and it’s the main moon known so far that has its own attractive field. Callisto is the third-biggest moon in the close planetary system and, at 2,995 miles in distance across, is about a similar size as the planet Mercury (which is a little more than 3,031 miles over). It’s the most inaccessible of the four Galilean moons. Callisto’s surface reveals to us that it was shelled since its commencement. Its 60-mile thick surface is secured with pits. That recommends the frosty outside is extremely old and hasn’t been reemerged through ice volcanism. There might be a subsurface water sea on Callisto, however conditions for life to emerge there are less great than for neighboring Europa.â Discovering Jupiters Moons From Your Back Yard At whatever point Jupiter is noticeable in the evening time sky, attempt to locate the Galilean moons. Jupiter itself is very splendid, and its moons will look like little dabs on either side of it. Under great dim skies, they can be seen through a couple of binoculars. A great patio type telescopeâ will give a superior view, and for the eager stargazer, a bigger telescope will show the moons AND highlights in Jupiter’s bright mists.

Wednesday, July 15, 2020

The Definitive Guide to Fama-French Three-Factor Model

The Definitive Guide to Fama-French Three-Factor Model If youre an investor, financial analyst or a financial manager, by now, youve definitely heard of the Fama-French three-factor model.But just because you heard about it, doesnt mean that you understand it, what its used for and how to use it yourself.And that is why were here!In short, this model describes stock returns, which is one of the most important factors investors take into consideration when choosing which project, product or company is worth their time and money.But, I’m not going to lie; the Fama-French model is a tricky business.So, today, we will cover everything you need to know, including:What is the Fama-French three-factor model?Why is it so important?How was it created?How is it calculated?What is it used for?What other types of models exist?We will cover all the details and yet explain everything as simple as possible.Turn off the WIFI on your phone, grab a cup of coffee, grab a pen and paper and prepare to learn!Buckle up!THE IMPORTANCE OF PAYING ATTENTION TO S TOCK RETURNSSince the Fama-French three-factor model is one of the most known tools to describe stock returns, first, we will shortly cover why this subject is important.You probably know from the movies that many investors out there focus on prices of stocks that are changing over time. They compare the movement of the prices from time to time.However, this is a common mistake, and heres why.Stocks usually pay out in dividends distribution of reward that is a part of the companies’ earnings to their respective shareholders.They are managed by the companies’ board of directors and can be issued as stock, shares, cash or in other ways, while cash dividends are the most common option.Funds, as well as companies, are often known for paying out dividends to their trusted shareholders.To get a clear picture of how stocks perform over a period of time, we should take into consideration capital gains as well as dividends.This is very useful when it comes to evaluating stocks and compa ring investment results when stocks are held for different periods of time.WHAT WAS THERE BEFORE THE FAMA-FRENCH THREE-FACTOR MODEL?This model is actually an extension to a model which existed before the CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model).CAPM is a one-factor model, and it explains the portfolios returns with the amount of risk it contains, according to the market.Basically, CAPM explains portfolio performance primarily using the performance of the market as a whole.The Capital Asset Pricing ModelCAPM describes the relationship between expected return in stocks and systematic risk.This is the first model of this kind. It is widely known and used for pricing risky securities and generating expected returns for assets, based on the risk and cost of capital.The following formula is used to calculate it:ERi  = Rf  + ßi*(ERm   Rf)where:ERi= Expected return of investmentRf= Risk-free rate (time value of money)ßi= Beta of the investment (a measure of risk)ERm= Expected return of the mar ket(ERm Rf) = Market risk premiumLogically, investors want to have compensation for the risk and the time value of money, which is represented by the risk-free rate.The other parts of the equation are there to address all additional risks the investor is facing.The beta of the investment measures the amount of risk the investment adds to the portfolio which resembles the market.If the Beta is greater than one, the stock is riskier than the market itself.If the Beta is equal to less than one, the formula will assume that the risk of a portfolio will be reduced.The Market risk premium is the return expected from the market. The stocks Beta is multiplied by the Market risk premium, and the result gives the manager or investor a required return which can be later used to figure out the value of the asset.So, whats the main point?The main goal of the CAPM formula is to determine if the stock is valued as it should be.The question CAPM answers is: is the value of the stock good when its e xpected return is compared to the risk and time value of money?Disadvantages of CAPMCAPM has been proven not to be so reliable in practice.None the less, it is still widely used because of its simplicity. It is still one of the easiest tools to compare alternatives when investing.But, one of the problems that this model has is that, when we include the Beta in the formula, we are assuming that the risk can be completely measured by a stocks price volatility. But, moving the price in two different directions is not equally risky.CAPM also assumes that the Risk-free rate stays the same during the period of discounting.In real life, holding periods last for more than 10 years, so its highly unlikely that this rate stays the same for that entire period.When the Risk-free rate is increased, the stock can end up being overvalued because the cost of capital has increased as well.Finally, the biggest concern regarding CAPM is that future cash flows can be estimated for the process of discou nting.If this was the case, an investor or a manager could estimate the stock return value precisely, and then there would be no need for CAPM at all.Unfortunately, CAPM wasnt flexible enough it used only one variable to describe stock returns. It also didnt take into consideration situations with outperformance.CREATION OF THE FAMA-FRENCH THREE-FACTOR MODELSo, professors Fama and French created a new one, with two extra risk factors.Therefore, making it a better tool for performance evaluation.To the original factor, which is the market risk factor, two more were added.These two (SMB and HML) were added because of their consistent contribution to portfolio performance.Nowadays, it is very popular as a measurement for portfolio performance and for predicting future stock returns.Even today, there is a lot of debate about the outperformance tendency:Does it happen because of market efficiency?Or does it happen because of market inefficiency?To support the first theory, it is stated that outperformance happens because of the excess risk which value stocks and small-cap stocks.This excess risk is the result of a higher cost of capital and greater business risk.Supporters of the second statement explain the outperformance with incorrect pricing of the value of companies by market participants. Long-term, with value adjusts, this leads to the excess return.WHAT IS THE FAMA-FRENCH THREE-FACTOR MODEL?This is the way of thinking on which the Fama-French model is based on:Small-cap high-value companies usually do better than the overall marketHigher investments usually lead to bigger and better returnsValue companies outperform growth companiesProfessors Eugene Fama and Kenneth French, who were professors at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, designed this model back in the 1990s to describe stock returns in portfolio management and asset pricing.The Fama-French three-factor model (in future uses the Fama-French model) pays attention to three major f actors:Market riskCompany size Outperformance of small vs big companiesValue factors Outperformance of high book/market vs small book/market companiesOne of the scientists, Eugene Fama, shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. This shows just how appreciated this professor is in the field of economics and how valued his work is.His contribution to the Fama-French model led to it being widely used by investors and financial managers today to help with making important decisions.This model is basically the result of an econometric regression of historical stock prices.Its based on the assumption that the riskier environment, the higher the compensation should be, which should lead to bigger earnings potential.An interesting fact is that the model was originally designed for just 4 countries:CanadaUnited States of AmericaUnited KingdomJapanOf course, local factors lead to better results and conclusion than global factors, because they better explain the variation of time series in stock returns.So, with a few adjustments and with updated risk factors, the model also became useful for Asia, Europe and other regions.FORMULAAll of this seems rational, but how do I put it to use?Well, when we talk about the Fama-French model, in order to describe stock returns, our final goal is to calculate the portfolios expected rate of return.This is done with the following formula:Portfolios Expected Rate of Return = Risk-free Rate + Market Risk Premium + SMB + HMLor:r  = rf + ß1*(rm  â€" rf) + ß2*(SMB) + ß3*(HML) + ?  where:r  = Portfolios Expected Rate of Returnrf  = Riskfree Return Rateß1,2,3  = Factor’s Coefficient originally there was just 1, now there are 3 of them. This is the main innovation in the Fama-French model.(rm  â€" rf)  =  Market Risk PremiumSMB(Small Minus Big)  = Historic excess returns of small-cap companies over large-cap companiesHML(High Minus Low)  = Historic excess returns of value stocks* over growth stocks**?= Risk*Value stocks a re stocks which have a high book to price ratio**Growth stock are stocks which have a low book to price ratioThe historic excess values can be found for free on Kenneth Frenchs website.March 2019Last 3 MonthsLast 12 MonthsFama/French 3 Research FactorsRm-Rf SMB HML1.10 -3.15 -4.0813.38 1.73 -8.366.43 -3.57 -15.44Fama/French 5 Research Factors (23)Rm-Rf SMB HML RMW CMA1.10 -3.56 -4.08 0.91 -1.0113.38 1.02 -8.36 0.55 -4.256.43 -5.81 -15.44 -0.58 -0.20Fama/French Research PortfoliosSize and Book-to-Market PortfoliosSmall Value Small Neutral Small GrowthBig Value Big Neutral Big Growth-4.34 -2.87 -0.63-1.62 0.42 2.829.86 12.77 19.378.41 12.77 15.62-3.75 0.70 8.70-4.64 7.20 13.80Size and Operating Profitability PortfoliosSmall Robust Small Neutral Small WeakBig Robust Big Neutral Big Weak-2.81 -3.83 -1.392.64 0.92 -0.6014.79 11.67 15.8814.59 13.39 12.40-5.90 1.16 5.4813.18 5.80 2.96Size and Investment PortfoliosSmall Conservative Small Neutral Small AggressiveBig Conservative Big Neutral Big Aggressive-1.84 -3.30 -2.310.71 0.27 3.2013.74 11.19 17.1811.08 12.89 16.133.60 1.96 0.678.78 5.77 12.11Calculation of the Fama-French three-factor model is commonly done in software programs capable of handling big data. Excel is one of the most popular ones out there. Remember, this is a three-factor model. To best explain it further, lets look at each factor one by one.1. Market Risk PremiumWhat does this part of the formula mean?(rm  â€" rf)The market risk premium basically represents the difference between the expected return of the market and the risk-free return rate. It gives the investor returns above the risk-free rate.2. Small minus big market capitalization (SMB)This factor is commonly known as the small firm effect. or the size effect, where size is determined by the companys market capitalization. It represents a historic excess of small-cap companies over large-cap companies.A side effect which is based on the market capitalization of a company is SMB. Its factor s coefficient is calculated via linear regression, and it can have negative and positive values.Again, the logic behind the Fama-French model is that higher returns come from small-cap companies, rather than large-cap companies.3. High minus low book-to-market ratios (HML)HML is used to show the spread in returns between companies which have high and companies which have a low book to market ratios (value companies and growth companies).Its factors coefficient is also calculated using linear regression, and it can have a negative as well as a positive value.This third factor shows that in the long run, growth companies have lower returns than value companies. This is why they are at the second place in the formula.The HML factor is used to evaluate profit margins, short-term and long-term. It states the anticipated performance of security in the future. In the formula high minus low, we calculate the associated range.Using HML we can see if a manager is relying on the value premium to earn an abnormal return, by investing in stocks with high book-to-market ratios.If this is the case, then a positive relation to the HML factor is shown.This explains why the portfolios returns are accredited only to the value premium. The original excess of the manager will decrease because the model is able to explain more of the portfolios return.Its not officially stated by the creators, Fama and French, why book-to-price ratios measure risk.However, there are theories that have been mentioned. If a stock has a high book-to-price ratio, it could mean that the stock is distressed.This means that its not likely for future earnings to happen and that is the reason why the stock is selling low.It could also mean that the stock capital is intensive. Intensive stock capital happens when stocks are more vulnerable to low earnings during slow times in economics.What would happen if a firm which isnt capital intensive were to become distressed?This is one of the questions these theori es do not answer. They both make sense, but when you think about them, they explain completely different situations.There is a third theory which states that the broad market index weighs stocks in accordance to the market capitalization. This makes it biased to size and blind for valuation.This leads to thinking that the added two factors in this model are just a couple of tweaks, which address these problems.This is the reason why momentum was added as another factor, to show where capitalization has been putting their money lately, instead of showing where it has been put for years, like the market capitalization factor shows.Momentum was later added as a factor to a different version of the Fama-French model, but we will cover more on that later in the article.USES OF THE MODELAll of this is fine to me, but how do I put in practice what Ive learned here?Well, weve established that when we look long-term, small companies have a tendency to outperform large companies. Also, value companies do better than growth ones.Fama and French studied the model further and found that it can explain the majority of diversified portfolio returns.It explains a whole 90% of it to be exact, where the original CAPM described just 70% of diversified portfolio returns. Source: corporatefinanceinstitute.comIm an investor, how do I use this model?Fama and French insist that investors must be ready to handle extra periodic underperformance and short-term volatility that can happen in a short period of time.To put it bluntly if you are investing for 10 or more years, you will be rewarded in the long run for your periodic losses in the short run.When you combine size and value factors with their beta factors, they explain about 90% of the return in your diversified stock portfolio.This was proven when Fama and French ran their studies with thousands of random stock portfolio to test their model.With this model, you as an investor can construct a portfolio where you can see the average expected return, all according to the relative risks youve assumed.The main factors which drive the expected returns are:market sensitivitysize sensitivityvalue stocks sensitivity, measured by the book to market ratioIf any additional average expected return occurs, it is attributed to unsystematic or unpriced risk.Using the model, it is possible to separate the skill of the investor from the higher returns.If the three factors can completely explain the portfolios performance, what is the manager doing?The high returns didnt happen because of his or her abilities or skills.Well, the manager should contribute to good performance by picking good stocks. Unfortunately, there isnt a formula yet which makes decisions for you perfectly. Making good decisions is still a skill only people possess.A lot of studies in emerging markets were conducted to see how the model would handle in that territory.The High Minus Low book-to-market ratio still explains everything it should very well.Unfortunately, the same cant be said for the market value of equity factor. This is why a fresh three-factor model was introduced by Foye, Mramor and Pahor in 2013.They replaced the market value of equity factor with a more useable one.DIFFERENT FAMA-FRENCH MODELSThe Fama-Frenc h model has gone through changes over time. Now, there are also the four-factor and the five-factor versions of the model, which require more information to calculate but give more detailed results.1. The Four-Factor modelThis is an extension to the regular three-factor model, created by Mark Carhart. It adds the momentum factor for asset pricing of stock, commonly also known as the MOM factor (monthly momentum).What does momentum mean?Momentum in a stock is when the stock price is rising, and it has a tendency to keep rising. Same goes for the other way around if the stock price is declining, momentum means it will keep going down.Monthly momentum is the difference between the equal weighted average of the lowest performing companies and the equal-weighted average of the highest performing ones, lagging one month.If a stocks average of returns for the past 12 months is positive, we say that the stock is showing momentum.The four-factor model is actively used as a model for managem ent and mutual fund evaluation.Momentum strategies are still very much used in financial markets where financial analysts give buy or sell recommendations based on the yearly price high/low.2. The Five-Factor modelBack in 2014, two more factors were added to the original Fama-French model profitability and investment.The first being a simple difference between the returns of companies with high and low operating profitability, while the investment factor is the difference between the returns of companies which invest conservatively and those which invest aggressively.The fourth factor, profitability, suggests that firms which report higher earnings in the future have higher returns in the stock market.Investment is the fifth factor, and it is closely related to the concept of internal investments and returns. It suggests that companies which direct their profit to big growth projects are more likely to experience losses in the stock market.It is found that the CAPM and the three-fa ctor models, in some cases, dont explain properly cross-sectional variations in portfolio returns.In cases like these, the five-factor model is a much better choice for a tool for evaluation.KEY TAKEAWAYSThe three factors are market risk, company size (SMB) and value factors (HML).The Fama-French model is an extension to the one-factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). A new model was created because CAPM isnt flexible and doesnt take into consideration overperformance.Value companies do better on the market than the growing companies.The bigger and riskier the investment, the higher the payoff should be.Local factors explain better than global factors the variations in time series in stock returns.We use the Fama-French model to calculate the Portfolios Expected Rate of Return.No matter how precisely this model describes the stock returns, it is up to the managers or investors to choose where it would be good to invest.The four-factor model adds the momentum factor, which describ es where the value of the stock will be based on the value trends.The five-factor model takes into consideration two extra factors profitability and investment.FINAL THOUGHTSAnalyzing the past is useful to learn from those experiences and drive conclusions from them.However, investing in the future is even more important.By investing we are giving up short-term gains in the hopes of gaining long-term gains.That hope can be slim, and it can also be very big and reliable.By calculating our risks and making our decisions based on the calculations, we improve our chances of gaining.Every day, decisions for the companys future are made by the investors and the companys management.Should we do this new project?Should we invest in this other company?Should we invest in this?All of these questions are hard to answer. The right investment will lead to a positive outcome for the company, while the wrong decision will lead to failure.The pressure to make this kind of decision is huge.Luckily, there are some tools that help us make the right decision.The Fama-French three-factor model is one of the well-known tools, managers and financial experts or analysts use to calculate whether an investment is worth the time and the money or not. It takes into consideration three factors which best describe the stock return value.Before you go on to decide your next big investment move, be sure to use this tool to up your chances of success.Hopefully, with this article, youve understood all the ins and outs of the Fama-French model, and you are now ready to use it!We hope that by next time we see each other, youll have already seen the payoff of your smart investments! Remember good luck favors well-calculated risks!

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Aspects Of The Arthurian Romance In Sir Gawain And The...

Romantic works of the Arthurian age have existed over a number of eons tracing back to quite a number of languages native to the writers that immortalized the tales, this including Welsh, English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and Scandinavian. Medieval romance is defined by the ideals that stood out from the tales including the romance, honor, loyalty and the moral authority as well as it explicated the social order which left a lot to be desired of the position of feminism in the society. Marie de France perhaps the only female write of her time has quite a number of Arthurian tales to her name up to including Equitan, Le Fresne, Bisclavret, Larval, Yonec, Laustic, Chaitivel and Chevrefoil. Her two works, Lanval and†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Love, she said, I admonish you now, I command and beg you, do not let any man know about this...†. Women although generally seen as the weaker sex always garnered a subliminal wand of control over their men. The romantic tales also apparently make it is oblivious of what the medieval concept of what the feminine figure represented and the role they played in the society. In the medieval literature, the role played by female often is a representation of many familiar traits and characteristics which the society still preserves. The issue of beauty, grace, attractiveness, loyalty and honesty almost completely exemplify the powerful attributes of women in both present and in the past. In medieval literature it separates the traits of women into distinct roles of women in the society. Women are seen to be the greatest gift to mankind revealing every thing that is good, beautiful and pure in the life. They are portrayed to share earnest love and pure honesty. Here Marie de France depicts her characters so. In Lanval and Cheverefoil the female characters are true to what their convictions, eliciting the deep feelings like love and loyalty regardless of the insinuated repercussions. Women were seen as possessions of their men and were thus required to show loyalty. This is what the writers sought to capture whether compelled or not the female characters espoused loyalty. In Marie de FranceShow MoreRelatedEssay about A Comparison of Arthurian Legend in Various Stories960 Words   |  4 PagesNielsen Friday November 19, 2010 A Comparison of Arthurian Legend in Various Stories Arthurian legend was a genre many writers used in Chaucer’s day. It is a story made of romances, heroism, and ballads mostly about Arthur’s chief knight Sir Gawain who was mainly a man of social and ethical virtue. Often time’s Arthurian legend is a story of a knight who fights the bad guy, learns a lesson, saves the day and get’s the girl. Although sometimes the knight may start off as the bad guy as he did in oneRead MoreLanval and Sir Gawain and The Green Knight Essays1154 Words   |  5 Pagesremarkable short narrative that engages the reader into a world filled with unrealistic elements, but enhances on the true meaning of romance, chivalry and nature during the years that King Arthur reigned. â€Å"Sir Gawain and The Green Knight† unfortunately does not have an author that can be recognized but this epic poem demonstrates the ghastly adventure of a knight who decides to defend the honor of young King Arthur against a supernatural being in th is malicious game of cat and mouse. Both of theseRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight contains ambiguity and irony that make it interesting to read and teach. 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The poem is also one of the best known Arthurian tales, with its plot combining two types of folklore patterns, the beheading game and the exchange of winningsRead MoreThe Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2424 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the world of medieval literature the supernatural is a consistent theme, presented in extraordinary encounters, mysterious experiences and with magical objects such as potions, spells, and the prominent image of the green girdle of Lord Bertilak de Hautdesert’s wife in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. 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In order for there to be a set of laws established for the knights of the Anglo-Saxon era, the law of chevalrie was created. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight has some insight into the rules of chivalry concerning one specifically: courtly love. The rules of â€Å"courtly love† require wit and deceit with an

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

My Leadership Qualities Were Developed Through Working...

It was the first day of class when my professor asked whether we would prefer an unconventional approach towards learning about critical thinking throughout the semester? And as you have guessed, almost all the students said yes in regards to the approval of the notion. As a result, instead of reading multiple chapters from the book and taking multiple-choice questions exam, we took part in volunteer programs. A program which was substituted as a class project along with another simple task. This paper will analyze on the following aspects of the class project. Firstly, how my leadership qualities were developed through working with the disabled students? Secondly, the conflicts I faced through the semester and their resolutions. And†¦show more content†¦Through such communications, we were able to conduct the project in a smooth and uninterrupted manner. Hence, my communication aspect of my leadership skills enhanced further. Let’s move on to the next topic, which is the conflict resolution strategy. Conflicts can be resolved in many different ways, but according to the University of Notre Dame, one of the best way to do so is through compromising. Compromising is a big step toward conflict resolution. Both courage and consideration are used when both parties look for common ground. You agree to negotiate larger points and let go of the smaller points; this style expedites the resolution process. Throughout the semester, I had the experience of dealing with 4 different schedules. Everyone was not available at a certain time together. Some of them do not come to school on certain days, the reason being that they live in New Jersey. As a result, being the leader of the group, I had to cancel some of my personal agendas to make time for the group project. An example of such incidence will be the day of the presentation, on which our group shared information about the various leadership opportunities a round campus to our clients. That was one of the days, when I had to reschedule my braces tightening appointment till the following week. Hence, one of the conflicts between our schedules were resolved through the process of compromising. Transformational volunteering is notShow MoreRelatedServant Leadership Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesServant Leadership is a leadership style that leads by example, does not take credit for deeds done, and makes themselves as humble as possible to serve others. Servant leadership is focusing on serving the highest needs of others to help another individual achieve their personal goals. Servant leadership has to be developed by the person in the leadership role. The leader has got to be aware of themselves as a person before they can be aware of someone else’s needs. 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The Superstitious Life Free Essays

Superstitions are Bored Superstitions are like a bad lie depends on you if you believe in it, superstitions depends on â€Å"good look† that is a different and more joyful word to say destiny, the begging of superstitions are more like the cause of the problems and the consequences aren’t â€Å"bad luck† the real consequences are â€Å"you brake it you pay it†. The consequences are the same in the superstitions and in the â€Å"real life† because if you pass under a ladder something can fall in your head and I think that could the â€Å"bad luck† for passing under a ladder. The â€Å"good luck† consequences, are also completely false because one time I hit my elbow, my mom told me don’t rub yourself and you will get good luck, I follow the advice of my mother and nothing happened, so is kind of fool to believe in superstitions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Superstitious Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now For many people the superstitions are like part of their life and let’s be intelligent you don’t depend on your â€Å"luck†, life depends on your attitude. Also the â€Å"superstitions â€Å"are different around the world because in some place the action you make here means something and maybe in china means another. Traditions are also like â€Å"superstitions† because you decide the way things’ sense let’s say an example in some parts of the world if you burp at the table you don’t have education, but in India if you don’t burp means that you didn’t like the food, so is completely contradictory. But this is my personal opinion and you don’t have to follow my thoughts, everyone can have different ideas and believe whatever you want. Be yourself and have a pleasant and good life. By Ricardo Linares Hernandez 3rd A How to cite The Superstitious Life, Papers

Saturday, April 25, 2020

Sport can be local and global

What makes a sport local, regional, or global? Local cultures, communities and individual venues of a location may make sport remain local. Such local sports have a strong connection with history, culture and community of the location. These sports may also be available in other countries. However, participation and connection only remain strong in countries of origin. For instance, the Japanese Sumo Wrestling is only popular in Japan.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Sport can be local and global specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some sports may be local but have a huge fan base and have become commercial enterprises. For instance, the US basketball and baseball are in other countries. However, these sports have their local backings from schools and colleges. Consequently, they have become a symbol of the US identity. Therefore, culture, community and national identity may make sport local. Some sports have a regional presence. Such sports are present in other locations of the world, but predominately in countries of origin. For instance, we do not only have baseball in North America where it originated, but also in Japan. On the other hand, some sports have acquired a global presence. This mainly occurs as a result of international competitions in leading sporting events, such as Olympic Games, and Soccer World Cup, among others. These sports enhance a sense of national identity and culture through international competition (Grimwade and Howard, 1997). Sports like soccer, golf, and tennis have a fan base across international televisions and have become successful through advertising revenues. Among these sports, soccer stands out as the most popular across the world. What major drivers are responsible for internalization of Manchester United? Manchester United has international merchandising sales through its Manchester United Merchandising. The club is growing its global fun base thro ugh Manchester United Magazine. At the same time, the club has televised games that go beyond the UK. For instance, Rupert Murdoch global media led to global growth of Manchester United in 1990s and early 2000. In Africa, Manchester United fan base as grown as a result of Super Sport from Dstv. Manchester United also as its own television channel, MUTV. The club’s popularity also grew as a result of Internet activities among its supporters (Bernstein and Blain, 2001). By the year 2003, Manchester United had a global fan base of 53 million.Advertising Looking for case study on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Manchester United has sponsorships from leading companies such as Nike and Vodafone. These organizations have increased the global presence and financial strength of the club making it one of the wealthiest in the world. In addition, the cross-border take over by the Glazer family in 2005 increased the club’s global popularity (Stotlar, 2009). Manchester global fan base also grew as a result of its wins in the FA Cup, Premiership, and Europeans Champions League. The wins have attracted a range of regional sponsors (Amis and Cornwell, 2005). Consequently, the club’s revenue and profit have grown considerably. The club popularity also comes from its mixed players. A half of the club’s players consist of foreign players. Manchester United is a global club and business entity with an international business strategy (Rugman and Collinson, 2008). How important are Manchester United’s strong local roots to its international success? Manchester United growth starts from the local team and community. The club demonstrates strong regional culture of the North West industrial England. Rivalry and competition from other clubs such as Arsenal, Chelsea, and Liverpool, among others have created multinational brands in these teams. The case study shows that 90 perc ent of its revenue still comes from the local fan base. Manchester United has become part of the cultural identity of its English fans. References Amis, J. and Cornwell, B. (2005). Global Sport Sponsorship. Oxford: Berg Publishers. Bernstein, A. and Blain, N. (2001). Sport, Media, Culture: Global and Local dimensions. Portland, OR: Frank Cass Publishers.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Sport can be local and global specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Grimwade, J. and Cox, H. (1997). Global Business Strategy. Andover, UK: International Thomson Publishing Services. Rugman, A. and Collinson, S. (2008). International Business, 5th Ed. New York : Prentice Hall. Stotlar, D. K. (2009). Developing Successful Sport Sponsorship Plans. West Virginia: Fitness Information Technology. This case study on Sport can be local and global was written and submitted by user Stephanie Harvey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.